Duncan McLean (UREPH) and Michaël Neuman (Centre de Réflexion sur l’Action et les Savoirs Humanitaires) have edited this special issue on the politics of infectious disease. It introduces the idea that human politics has often been at odds with medical science during outbreaks of infectious disease. With research on the ‘Politics of the Second Vaccine’; field reports on care homes in Spain; Ebola in the Congo, and a roundtable on ‘Controlling an HIV hotspot’, this issue suggests the notion that COVID-19 knows no politics or borders is an oversimplification as risk and morality remain unevenly distributed throughout the world.