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Humanitarian implications of a re-assertion of State sovereignty

Whilst there is indeed a trend towards the strengthening of State sovereignty, this concept is more multifaceted and ambivalent than it might appear. The author invites us to take stock of its developments, its complexity and the implications for humanitarian work.

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Violence and its Humanitarian Impact: The Case of Kivu

Decrypting the dynamics of continuing conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is challenging at the best of times, more so given the profound political uncertainty that currently reigns at the national level.

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Gold, Fire and Gallows: Quarantine in History

As the Ebola outbreak in West Africa continues its dreadful march, Duncan McLean looks at the 600-year-old practice of isolating individuals and communities in order to bring an end to epidemics and assesses the effectiveness of such measures.

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Ludwik Rajchman, international health leader

Ludwik Rajchman was a man caught up in the whirlwind of international politics. He suffered from the conquest of his country, Poland, by both Nazism and Communism yet managed to rise to eminence as leader of the Health Organisation of the League of Nations and then of UNICEF.

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L’école de médecine dans le ghetto de Varsovie (1941-1942). Une évocation personnelle.

Dans le ghetto de Varsovie, contre l’horreur et la déchéance, au-dessus d’un commissariat où l’on pratiquait la torture, la soif de connaissance et de dignité humaine réussirent encore à s’exprimer avec force.

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Le typhus. Une maladie idéologisée

La menace du typhus qui sévit en Europe orientale et dans les Balkans pendant la première moitié du XXe siècle fut exploitée pour dénoncer le péril bolchevique, puis utilisée par les nazis pour séquestrer les populations juives.

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Ludwik Rajchman. Médecin polonais et citoyen du monde

Ludwik Rajchman, qui fut le premier directeur de l’organisation qui préfigura l’OMS et dont le rôle fut central dans la création de l’Unicef, eut un destin exemplaire qui se confond avec l’histoire  tragique du XXe siècle depuis l’agitation révolutionnaire de 1905 jusqu’aux pages les plus noires de la guerre froide.

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The Politics behind the Ebola Crisis

West Africa is still paying the price for its poor response to the Ebola epidemic. Where an early response could have prevented the worst, failures on all levels allowed Ebola to spread, exposing a deep rift between the population and political class of the countries affected. Unless all actors learn from the crisis, a similar disaster may be just a matter of time.

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Care for victims of sexual violence, an organization pushed to its limits: The case of Médecins Sans Frontières

Over the past ten years, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has provided medical care to almost 118,000 victims of sexual violence. Integrating related care into MSF general assistance to populations affected by crisis and conflicts has presented a considerable institutional struggle and continues to be a challenge. Tensions regarding the role of MSF in providing care to victims of sexual violence and when facing the multiple challenges inherent in dealing with this crime persist.

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Attacks on Hospitals: an Alarming Problem for Military Medicine as well as for Humanitarian Medicine

As part of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), Additional Protocols I and II of 1977 to the Geneva Conventions and other treaties provide for the protection of patients, medical personnel and health infrastructures during armed conflicts. They recognize the primacy of medical ethics in times of war, notably the principle of non-discrimination. Attacks against hospitals or health care providers during armed conflicts signal a blatant disregard for such protections. A state of affairs where IHL is ignored, denied or revisited has far-reaching consequences for the medical profession.

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